1. What Is ‘Ilm al-Mawarith?
Faraid, inheritance rights, the Quranic framework and why precision protects worship and family rights.
2. The Core Revelation Map
Surat al-Nisa 4:11, 4:12 and 4:176; the Prophetic principle of giving prescribed shares to their people and then handling the remainder according to the applicable rules.
3. Estate, Gift, Bequest and Ownership
Distinguish lifetime gifts, a Wasiyyah, inheritance and assets whose ownership is disputed or legally structured outside the ordinary estate.
4. The Professional Boundary
Difference between education, a Fatwa, legal drafting, probate administration, tax advice, valuation and mediation.
Evidence: classify a set of questions by who is qualified to answer them.
5. Inventory Without Assumption
Assets, liabilities, documents, ownership evidence and the danger of using approximate family memories as final facts.
6. Debts and Outstanding Rights
Documented debts, disputed claims, obligations and the need for evidence and lawful administration.
7. Wasiyyah Foundations
Purpose, the one-third ceiling in the well-known Prophetic guidance, harm prevention and questions concerning heirs or consent that require qualified review.
8. The Distribution Order
Build a workflow that clears the verified pre-distribution rights before the inheritance shares are released.
Evidence: prepare a pre-share checklist for a hypothetical estate without issuing a personal ruling.
9. Causes and Impediments
Marriage, lineage and the applicable legal causes; introduce recognised impediments and the need to confirm school and case facts.
10. Ascendants and Descendants
Parents, grandparents, children, grandchildren and how the exact relationship affects eligibility.
11. Spouses and Siblings
Husband, wife, full, paternal and maternal siblings; the importance of correctly identifying the sibling type.
12. Hajb: Reduction and Exclusion
How the presence of one heir can reduce or block another; build a visible blocking map before assigning fractions.
Evidence: convert a written family scenario into a verified heir chart and mark unresolved relationships.
13. The Fixed Fractions
One-half, one-fourth, one-eighth, two-thirds, one-third and one-sixth as a share library—without assuming every possible holder receives the fraction in every case.
14. Ashab al-Furud
Study the main fixed-share heirs and the conditions that change their shares.
15. ‘Asabah and the Remainder
Residuary inheritance, priority and why the remainder cannot be assigned before fixed shares and blocking are complete.
16. Female Heirs Beyond the Slogan
Compare cases where women inherit fixed shares, share residually, inherit more than a man, inherit equally or where the comparison is not between equivalent relatives.
Evidence: explain a share using relationship and conditions rather than repeating a gender slogan.
17. Common Denominators
Convert the assigned fractions into an estate origin and share units.
18. Cash, Property and Indivisible Assets
Difference between a fractional entitlement and the later practical process of valuation, sale, agreement or transfer.
19. Awl and Radd
Understand proportional reduction and return through worked cases, while labelling school differences where relevant.
20. The Three-Way Validation
Validate eligibility, legal reasoning and arithmetic separately; confirm the final units and percentages return to the distributable estate.
Evidence: solve and audit a basic case without using an automatic calculator first.
21. Kalalah and Sibling Cases
Read the scenario carefully and distinguish the relevant sibling relationships and absence of ascendants or descendants.
22. Grandparents and Siblings
Introduce the complexity, Madhhab sensitivity and the point at which beginner rules are insufficient.
23. Munasakhah and Multiple Deaths
A second death before the first estate is distributed; preserve each estate and timeline separately.
24. Special Status Cases
Pregnancy, missing persons, uncertain sequence of death and other advanced matters are taught as referral-sensitive case categories, not instant answers.
Evidence: identify which facts and scholarly settings must be resolved before calculation.
25. Islamic Will Literacy
What a Muslim should understand about debts, Wasiyyah, executor roles, guardianship wishes and Sharia shares without claiming one template works in every jurisdiction.
26. Civil-Law Overlay
Wills, probate, matrimonial property, jointly owned assets, beneficiary arrangements, pensions, trusts and taxes may affect the legal estate differently by country and region.
27. The Scholar–Lawyer Handoff
Prepare an issue list for a qualified Islamic inheritance scholar and a locally licensed lawyer; do not ask one professional to guess the other discipline.
28. Capstone Rights Ledger
Complete an anonymised hypothetical estate from fact intake to heir map, fractions, audit notes and referral questions.
Final evidence: produce a transparent calculation record that another qualified reviewer can check.
